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Evacuation Day (Massachusetts)
March 17 is Evacuation Day, a holiday observed in Suffolk County (which includes the cities of Boston, Chelsea, Revere, and the Town of Winthrop)〔List of Massachusetts holidays〕 and also by the public schools in Somerville, Massachusetts.〔Somerville School Calendar〕 The holiday commemorates the evacuation of British forces from the city of Boston following the Siege of Boston, early in the American Revolutionary War. Schools and government offices (including some〔For example, the RMV offices are all open.〕 Massachusetts state government offices located in Suffolk County) are closed. If March 17 falls on a weekend, schools and government offices are closed on the following Monday in observance. It is the same day as Saint Patrick's Day, a coincidence that played a role in the establishment of the holiday.〔
==Historical background==
The 11-month siege of Boston ended when the Continental Army, under the command of George Washington, fortified Dorchester Heights in early March 1776 with cannons captured at Ticonderoga. British General William Howe, whose garrison and navy were threatened by these positions, was forced to decide between attack and retreat. To prevent what could have been a repeat of the Battle of Bunker Hill, Howe decided to retreat, withdrawing from Boston to Nova Scotia on March 17, 1776.
The British evacuation was Washington's first victory of the war. It was also a huge morale boost for the Thirteen Colonies, as the city where the rebellion began was the first to be liberated.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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